Cooling tower institute cti 3 or american society of mechanical engineers asme. Feb 24, 2014 a cooling tower is an essential piece of equipment in many production facilities used to bring down the temperature of the water used in many different process so it can be used again. Cooling tower field performance testing introduction the purpose of a cooling tower test can be varied such as. Effective thermal design of cooling towers a stepbystep approach to cooling tower design, with an example calculation to make it clear jonny goyal air liquide engineering and construction, lurgi india various misconceptions arise when it comes to the thermal design of cooling towers. Monroe graduated from the university of houston in 19. The cti service includes cti code tower standard specifications, the cti manual and cooling tower performance curves. For nearly a century, we have provided exceptional quality equipment and service to the hvac, process cooling, industrial, and refrigeration markets. Preparation for an official cti thermal performance, plume. An improved cooling tower algorithm for the cooltoolstm. The thermal capability of a cooling tower used for air condition ing is often expressed in nominal cooling tower tons. Department of energy assistant secretary for resource. Code tower standard specifications cooling technology institute. Thermal performance of a cooling tower depends principally on the entering air wetbulb temperature.
Department of energy idaho operations office idaho national engineering laboratory this is an informal report intended for use as a preliminaryor working document work supported by the u. Both asme ptc23 and cooling tower institute bulletin atp105 are being revised and both test codes have historically used performance curves as a means of evaluating cooling tower capacity. The major concern during i study the cooling tower theory was how to computerize the cooling tower theory from the calculation of ntu to the cooling tower performance analysis. The software does not have the capability to generate performance curves. If you read this book carefully, you can make any cooling tower design programs by yourself. Cooling tower institute performance curves bookcti blue book. Cooling tower bureau of energy efficiency 9 figure 7. Cooling tower performance curves cooling tower blog. It is important to recall three key points in cooling tower design. Study on the effect of blade angle on the performance of a. Monroe manager, research and development hudson products corporation houston, texas abstract robert c. In addition, a method for simulation of cooling tower performance at various operating conditions is presented. In general, the most applications rely on the use of evaporative cooling tower systems, which include wet cooling towers, cooling ponds or spray ponds.
He be came a registered professional engineer in 1966, and is a member of asme, the. Asme ptc23 and cooling tower institute bulletin atp105 are being revised and both test codes have historically used performance curves as a means of evaluating cool. The cooling tower institute published certain curves cooling tower characteristic curves that i need on the cooling tower institute blue book. Every point on every curve needs to be calculated manually. Variations in tower performance associated with changes in remaining parameters are covered in the section on performance curves. Cooling technology institute encouraging the wise use of our water resources. Introduction the purpose of a cooling tower test can be varied such as. Ka vl calculator to computerize laborintensive hand calculations. Where can i find the cooling tower institute blue book soft. This information is also useful in power plant cycle evaluation. Jul 27, 2000 cooling technology institute thuridon a windowsbased software version of the blue book of cooling tower performance curves has a taboriented graphical user interface. Manufacturors and users of cooling towers have very diverse requirements when it comes to performance curves.
The purpose of this test procedure is to describe instrumentation and procedures for testing and performance evaluation of cooling towers. Questions from the floor at our annual conference and answered by a leading panel of experts within the cooling tower industry. Calculation of tower capability by tower performance curve. Monroe the questions most frequently asked of a fan engineer about axial flow fans for todays wet cooling towers generally cover. Cooling tower institute cti estandard is your source for cti standards and publications.
Apr 16, 20 where can i find the cooling tower institute blue book soft copy hey im doing a university project on cooling towers. Curves 14 is given by the cooling tower institute 15, 16. The entering air drybulb temperature and relative humidity, talcen independently, have an insignificant effect on thermal verformance of mechanicaldraft cooling towers, but do affect the rate of water evaporation in the cooling tower. Improving cooling tower fan system efficiencies robert c. Cooling tower design although kavl can be calculated, designers typically use charts found in the cooling tower institute blue book to estimate kavl for given design conditions. Figure 2 demand and characteristic curves of cooling tower the. Performance curves for mechanical draft cooling towers. Operation, cooling tower manual, cooling tower institute, houston. Fredrick merkel 1925 proposed a theory relating evaporation and sensible heat transfer where there is counterflow contact of water and air, such as in cooling towers.
The evaporation can by estimated from a heat balance around the cooling tower e 0. Cooling tower field performance testing amertechtowerservices. These curves are drawn on the premise that the operator will manipulate fans to prevent the net cold water temperature from going below 60f, and the winter. Again, this will be a first issue releasing the actual engineering approach. Thermal performance tests are conducted in accordance. Acceptance test conducted to verify that a new or rebuilt tower meets contract performance specification requirements 2. The volumetric heat transfer coefficient kavl can be.
Mar 24, 2000 a software version of the cti blueblook of cooling tower performance curves is available. It is defined as the percentage of water that the tower can cool to the design cold water temperature when the inlet wetbulb, cooling range, water flow rate and fan motor power are all at their design value. Figures 8 and 9 indicate net performanceand thermal gradientsof a two cell tower cooling through a 20f range, equipped with singlespeed and twospeed fans respectively. A simplified method to evaluate cooling tower and con denser performance using. The cooling effect occurs because some of the water evaporates into a stream of air in contact with the water within the cooling tower. Techniques and methods are given for calculating performance curves for both counterflow and crossflow type cooling towers. A method for the simulation of cooling tower performance. Presented at the 2018 cooling technology institute annual conference houston, texas. Ihs markit is your source for cti standards and publications. This course covers 18 sections of comprehensive information on evaporative cooling towers and provides important aspects of cooling tower types, sizing, selection and performance issues. Preparation for an official cti thermal performance, plume abatement, or drift emission test part i scope and purpose 1. Status test conducted to determine the thermal capability or actual operating parameters of an older tower. Cooling technology institute has tested a variety of fill configurations and generated fill characteristic curves for each type.
Performance curves for mechanical draft cooling towers, jownal of engineering for power, oct. It is defined as the percentage of water that the tower. Cooling tower designing is basically an iterative process. The official publication of the cooling technology institute. The cooling tower test is conducted in reference with cti code atc 10500, schedule ii performance curve method. Performance report of induced draft cross flow cooling tower. Using the information presented, it will be possible to incorporate wet cooling tower design and simulation into a procedure to evaluate and optimize power plant cycles. The most reliable means to assess the cooling tower thermal performance is tower capability. Acceptance test conducted to verify that a new or rebuilt tower meets contract performance specification requirements. Pdf the present paper approaches the crossflow cooling towers involving a bidimensional flowing model, in which water circulates vertically from top. Cooling towers, with certified thermal performance by cooling technology institute cti std201 for new or replacement cooling towers 150 tons and above. An opencircuit cooling tower, commonly called a cooling tower, is a specialized heat exchanger in which two fluids air and water are.
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